1. IRIBURIRO
Mugihe abantu bazi ko abantu barengera ibidukikije bakomeje kunonosora, imyumvire itesha agaciro kandi ishingiye ku bidukikije yakiriye byinshi kandi byinshi. Nkubwoko bushya bwimeza yinshuti, imeza yingano itandukanya buhoro buhoro gukundwa kumasoko hamwe nibiranga bisanzwe, bitesha agaciro, bifite uburozi. Iyi ngingo izatangiza imigenzo y'uruganda rwibikoresho byanditse muburyo burambuye, bikubiyemo inzira yose yumusaruro uhereye kumahitamo yibipaki byarangiye, hanyuma utange ibitekerezo bijyanyeamasosiyeten'abimenyereza.
2. Guhitamo ibikoresho fatizo
Ibyatsi by'ingano
Ibikoresho nyamukuru byaIbyiza bya impimbani ibyatsi by'ingano. Guhitamo ibyatsi byikirere kinini-urufunguzo rwo kwemeza ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa. Ibyatsi by'ingano bitangiza, mildew, cyangwa umwanda bigomba gutoranywa, n'uburebure n'ubugari bwa staw bigomba kuba kimwe.
Icyegeranyo cy'ingano kigomba gukorwa nyuma y'igihe cyo gusarura ingano kugirango wirinde ibyatsi kugaragara mu kirere igihe kirekire kandi cyangiritse. Ibyatsi byakusanyirijwe bigomba gukama kugirango bigabanye ibintu byubushuhe kurwego runaka kubitunganya nyuma.
Imyifatire karemano
Kugirango ushobore gukora ingano zishobora gushingwa, igipimo runaka cyibikorwa bisanzwe bigomba kongerwaho. Ibyingenzi bisanzwe birimo ibisimba, Ligiri, Cellulose, nibindi. Ibidafite ubucuti bwangiza ibidukikije, bidafite uburozi kandi bitesha agaciro ibisabwa nibidukikije byanditse.
Mugihe uhitamo ibifuniko gisanzwe, ibintu nkibintu byo guhuza, gushikama no gutenguha bigomba gusuzumwa. Mugihe kimwe, bigomba kwemerwa ko isoko yimyizerere yizewe kandi ifite ubwiza bwujuje ubuziranenge.
Inyongeramuzi zo mu biribwa
Kugirango utezimbere imikorere nubwiza bwimeza yingano, inyongeramuzi zikoreshwa mu biribwa zirashobora kongerwaho. Kurugero, abakozi bato, abakozi batanga ibikoresho, abakozi ba antibacteri, nibindi barashobora kongerwaho kugirango bongere amazi meza.
Mugihe wongeyeho inyongeramuzi zo mu biribwa, umubare wo kwiyongera ugomba kugenzurwa neza kugirango umutekano ukemure umutekano no kurengera ibidukikije. Muri icyo gihe, inyongera zihuye n'ibipimo byigihugu byingirakamaro bigomba gutorwa kugirango birinde gukoresha ibintu byangiza umubiri wumuntu.
3. Inzira
Ibyatsi bimenagura
Ibyatsi by'ingano byakusanyirijwe bijanjagurwa kugirango bikore mu bice byiza. Ingano ya straw straw yajanjaguwe igomba kuba imwe kugirango itunganyirize.
Ibyatsi byo guhondagura birashobora guhonyora bishingiye ku imashini, nko gukoresha abaja, abaja n'ibindi bikoresho. Mugihe cyo guhonyora, kwitabwaho bigomba kwishyurwa kugirango bagenzure umuvuduko n'imbaraga zo guhonyora kugirango wirinde guhondagura cyane imigozi ya staw cyangwa umukungugu urenze urugero.
Imyiteguro
Ukurikije ibisabwa byibicuruzwa, vanga ibihangano bisanzwe hamwe namazi akwiye hamwe, ugaterana cyane, kandi utegure igisubizo kifatika. Kwibanda kubisubizo bifatika bigomba guhindurwa ukurikije imiterere yibyatsi nibisabwa nibicuruzwa kugirango tumenye neza ko imikoranire ishobora guhuza ibice bya straw.
Mugihe utegura igisubizo kifatika, kwitabwaho kugirango bigenzure amafaranga nubushyuhe bwamazi kugirango wirinde igisubizo kifatika cyoroshye cyangwa kinini cyane. Muri icyo gihe, ireme ryibikorwa bifatika rigomba kugaragazwa ko gihamye, nta gihe cyangiza kandi imvura.
Kuvanga
Shira ibihingwa byajanikijwe ibimera hamwe nigisubizo gifatika gifatika muguvanga bivanze kugirango uvange bihagije. Igihe cyo kuvanga n'umuvuduko bigomba guhindurwa ukurikije ingano ya straw strike no kwibanda ku gisubizo gifatika kugirango umenye neza ko ibice bya straw bishobora kuzerera no kumeneka.
Mugihe cyo kuvanga, kwitabwaho bigomba kwishyurwa kugirango bagenzure ubukana nubuyobozi bwo kuvanga kugirango wirinde gukumira ibishishwa bya staw cyangwa gushiraho inguni zapfuye. Muri icyo gihe, isuku yo kuvanga kuvanga igomba kugengwa kugirango wirinde kuvanga umwanda no kwanduza.
Kubumba no gukanda
Shira ibice bivanze hamwe nibikorwa bifatika mubishushanyo byo kubumba no gukanda. Imiterere nubunini bwibikoresho bibumba bigomba gukorerwa kandi bigakorwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa kugirango tumenye neza ko isura nubunini bwibicuruzwa byujuje ibipimo.
Kubumba no gukanda birashobora gukorwa kubera gukanda muri mashini, nko gukoresha imashini, imashini za hydraulic nibindi bikoresho. Mugihe cyo gukanda, kwitabwaho hagomba kwishyurwa kugirango tugenzure igitutu nigihe kugirango umenye neza ko ibice bya straw bishobora guhuzwa cyane kugirango bibe imiterere ikomeye.
Kumema
Imyanda yingano yashyizeho nyuma yo kubumba no gukanda bigomba gukata kugirango ukureho ubuhehere muribwo no kuzamura imbaraga no gutuza kubicuruzwa. Kuma Kuma birashobora gukorwa nubuma bwumutse cyangwa bwumye.
Kuma bisanzwe ni ugushyira imbonerahamwe yakozwe ahantu hafite umwuka mwinshi kandi wizuba kugirango ureke byumye bisanzwe. Kuma bisanzwe bifata igihe kirekire, muri rusange bifata iminsi myinshi cyangwa ibyumweru, kandi bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubibazo.
Kuma mu bukoriko ni ugushyira imbonerahamwe yashizweho yashyizwe mubikoresho byumye, nkibice, byumye, nibindi, gushyushya no gukama. Kuma gutsindira ibihimba bifata igihe gito, muri rusange amasaha make gusa cyangwa iminota icumi, nubushyuhe bwumuka nubushuhe birashobora kugenzurwa kugirango umutekano wibicuruzwa.
Kuvura hejuru
Kugirango utezimbere hejuru no kurangiza amazi n'amazi n'amavuta yerekana ibikoresho by'ingano, birashobora kuvurwa. Kuvura hejuru birashobora gukorwa mugutera, kwibiza, gukaraba, nibindi byitwa amanota yibiribwa nkibikoresho byamavuta hamwe nibikoresho bya peteroli bishobora gukoreshwa hejuru yimeza.
Mugihe umaze kuvura hejuru, kwitabwaho kugirango ugenzure ingano yinyongera hamwe nu guhuriza hamwe kugirango wirinde inyongera zikabije cyangwa zidahagije, zizagira ingaruka kumikorere nuburyo bwiza bwibicuruzwa. Mugihe kimwe, bigomba kwemeza ko imbonerahamwe nyuma yo kuvura hejuru yujuje ubuziranenge bwigihugu kandi ifite umutekano kandi udafite uburozi.
Kugenzura ubuziranenge
Nyuma yumusaruro, Imyandikire Ingano yashizwemo igomba kugenzurwa kugirango ireme kugirango ireme ryibicuruzwa rihuze ibipimo. Ubugenzuzi bwiza burashobora gushiramo ibintu nko kugenzura bigaragara, gupima ingano, ikizamini cyimbaraga, ikizamini cyamazi n'amavuta, nibindi.
Kugenzura Kugaragara cyane cyane byerekana niba ubuso bwimeza bugenda neza, butunganijwe neza, bubi, kandi nta gihe umuntu afite ubumuga; gupima ingano cyane cyane niba uburebure, ubugari, uburebure nibindi bipimo byameza yameza byujuje ibipimo; Kugerageza imbaraga cyane cyane niba imbaraga zo kwikuramo no gukomeza imbaraga zameza yimeza yujuje ibisabwa; Ikizamini cyamazi namavuta gigenzura cyane niba ubuso bwimeza bushobora kubuza neza amazi namavuta.
Gupakira no kubika
Ifu yameza yingano ishyiraho iyo mitwe yubugenzuzi bukeneye gupakira no kubikwa kugirango ireme n'umutekano wibicuruzwa. Ibipakira birashobora gukorerwa kandi bikozwe mubikoresho nkagasanduku k'impapuro, imifuka ya pulasitike, hamwe n'amasanduku ya foam ukurikije imiterere n'ubunini bwibicuruzwa.
Mugihe cyo gupakira, hagomba kwitabwaho kugirango ushyire imbonerahamwe ishyiraho neza kugirango wirinde kugongana no kugenda. Muri icyo gihe, izina ryibicuruzwa, ibisobanuro, umubare, itariki yo gutanga umusaruro, ubuzima bwakazi nandi makuru agomba gushyirwaho kubipfunyika kugirango abaguzi bashobore kubyumva no kuyikoresha.
Gushiraho Ingano yapakiwe igomba kubikwa mumwanya wumye, uhumeka, utuje, wirinde urumuri rwizuba nubushyuhe. Ubushyuhe bwububiko nubushuhe bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa kugirango birebe ubwiza buhamye.
IV. Ibikoresho byo kubyaza umusaruro
Ibyatsi
Crawray crusher nigikoresho gihunika ibyatsi by'ingano mu bice byiza. Abagizi ba nabi basanzwe barimo abaja innyundo, abaja blade, nibindi. Iyo uhisemo crusher yibyatsi, ibintu nkibikorwa byayo, bimenagura ingano, hamwe no kurya kungufu bigomba gusuzumwa.
Kuvanga Mixer
Kuvanga bivanze nigikoresho kivanga no gukangura ibinyampeke byajanjaga hamwe nibikorwa bifatika. Ibisanzwe bivanze birimo inyoga ebyiri-shaft, ribbora ya rubbon, nibindi. Iyo uhisemo kuvanga imiterere, ibintu nko kuvanga neza, kuvanga uburinganire, hamwe no kurya kungufu bigomba gusuzumwa.
Kubumba
Ibishushanyo mbonera nigikoresho gikanda imitsi ivanze hamwe nibikorwa bifatika muburyo. Imiterere nubunini bwibikoresho byo kubumba bigomba gukorerwa kandi bigakorwa ukurikije ibisabwa nibicuruzwa. Ibishushanyo mbonera bikunze kugaragaramo inshinge, bipfa-guta imirima, ibibumba byo gutunganya ibishushanyo, ibintu nko kubumba neza, imikorere yumusaruro, kandi ubuzima bwa serivisi bugomba gusuzumwa.
Ibikoresho byumisha
Ibikoresho byumye nigikoresho gikurura impimbano yagenewe. Ibikoresho byumye birimo amashyiga, ibikumisha, ibirahure bya tunnel, nibindi. Kumanura ibintu byumye, ibintu byumye, ubushyuhe bwumuka, guhuza ibika, no gukoresha ingufu, hamwe no kurya kungufu.
Ibikoresho byo kuvura hejuru
Ibikoresho byo kuvura hejuru nigikoresho gikora ubuvuzi bwo hejuru kurimeza yifu. Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo kuvura birimo sprayters, amaduka yinamiye, brush
Ibikoresho byo kugenzura neza
Ibikoresho byubugenzuzi bwujuje ubuziranenge ni igikoresho gikora ubugenzuzi bwiza kumyanda yingano ishyirwaho nyuma yumusaruro urangiye. Ibikoresho bisanzwe bifite ubuzima bwiza birimo ibikoresho byubugenzuzi bigaragara, ibikoresho byo gupima ibipimo, ibikoresho byo gupima imbaraga, ibikoresho byo gupima amazi, ibihamya byo kugenzura ibikoresho byukuri, ibizamini byukuri, kandi kwizerwa bigomba gusuzumwa.
5. Kugenzura ubuziranenge
Kugenzura Ibikoresho
Igenzura cyane ireme ryibikoresho fatizo, hitamo ibyatsi byiza byingano, ibihuha bisanzwe hamwe ninyongera yibiribwa. Kugenzura ibikoresho fatizo kugirango barebe ko bahuye nubuziranenge bwigihugu nibisabwa.
Gushiraho sisitemu yo gusuzuma na sisitemu yo gucunga ibirambo bifatika, buri gihe usuzume no gutanga ubugenzuzi, kandi urebe neza ibikoresho bibisi nibikoresho byizewe.
Kugenzura umutekano
Tegura imigaragarire yubumenyi kandi ishyize mu gaciro inzira zikoreshwa, kandi ukurikire cyane inzira z'umusaruro n'inzira zikora ku musaruro. Gukurikirana no kugenzura buri murongo mubikorwa byo gukora kugirango umenye neza ibicuruzwa bihamye.
Komeza kubungabunga no gucunga ibikoresho bisangwa, ukoreshe kandi ukomeze ibikoresho byumusaruro, kandi urebe ko ibikorwa bisanzwe no gukora umusaruro wibikoresho.
Kugenzura ibicuruzwa byarangiye
Shiraho uburyo bwo kugenzura ibicuruzwa byarangiye kugirango ukore ubugenzuzi bwuzuye bwo kugenzura ibikoresho byanditse ingano nyuma yumusaruro. Igenzura Ibikoresho birimo kugenzura bigaragara, gupima ingano, kwipimisha imbaraga, ikizamini cyamazi n'amavuta, nibindi.
Ipaki no kubika ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa, no gukora ibicuruzwa bitujuje ibyangombwa. Menya neza ko ubwiza bwibicuruzwa byoherejwe buhuye nibipimo kandi bifite umutekano kandi byizewe.
6. Ingamba zo kurengera ibidukikije
Ibikoresho fatizo ni urugwiro
Hitamo ibyatsi bitesha agaciro nkibikoresho nyamukuru byibanze kugirango bigabanye umwanda mubidukikije. Muri icyo gihe, hitamo ibidukikije bishingiye ku bidukikije hamwe n'ingero z'ibiryo zo kwirinda gukoresha ibintu byangiza umubiri w'umuntu.
Kurengera ibidukikije inzira yo gukora
Emera gahunda yo gutanga umusaruro hamwe nibikoresho kugirango igabanye ibiciro nogusetsa. Mugihe cyimikorere, gushimangira kugenzura impuzu nkumukungugu, amazi adataka, hamwe na gaze yimyanda kugirango habeho isuku nisuku.
Kurengera ibicuruzwa
Gushiraho Ingano Gushiraho Byakozwe bifite ibiranga guterwa no gutesha agaciro. Nyuma yo kuyikoresha, birashobora kubora mubintu bitagira ingaruka mubidukikije kandi ntibizanduza ibidukikije. Muri icyo gihe, ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge bwigihugu, ni umutekano kandi bidafite uburozi, kandi ntacyo bitwaye kubuzima bwabantu.
7. IJAMBO RY'Isoko
Hamwe no gukomeza kunoza abantu kumenya kurengera ibidukikije, Iterambere ryisoko ryo gutesha agaciro kandi Imbonerahamwe ya gicuti ishingiye ku bidukikije. Nkubwoko bushya bwimeza yinshuti, imeza yingano ifite imiterere yo kuba ibintu bisanzwe, bitesha agaciro, umutekano nubura uburozi, bihuye nibyo abantu kurinda ibidukikije nubuzima. Biteganijwe ko isoko risaba impapuro z'ingano zizakomeza gukura mu myaka mike iri imbere, kandi ibyiringiro byisoko biratanga umusaruro.
8. UMWANZURO
Imyanda yingano ni ubwoko bushya bwameza yinshuti. Hamwe nibiranga bisanzwe, bitesha agaciro, bifite umutekano kandi bidafite uburozi, Buhoro buhoro bihinduka gushya mumasoko. Iyi ngingo itangiza imigenzo y'uruganda rwimeza yingano zashyizwe muburyo burambuye, harimo guhitamo ibikoresho fatizo, gahunda yumusaruro, ibikoresho byumusaruro, ingamba zitanga ubuziranenge, ingamba zo kurengera ibidukikije nicyizere cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyizere cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyizere cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyizere cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyizere cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyizere cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyizere cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije nicyiciro cyo kurengera ibidukikije. Binyuze mu gutangiza iyi ngingo, twizera ko ishobora gutanga ibitekerezo ku bigo bifitanye isano n'abikora ku kazi, guteza imbere umusaruro, guteza imbere umusaruro no gushyira mu bikorwa ibicuruzwa byanditseho ingano, kandi bikagira uruhare mu kubarinda ibidukikije.